In recent years, blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative force across multiple sectors, especially in international trade. Originally designed to support cryptocurrencies, blockchain is now recognized for its potential to improve transparency, efficiency, and trust in global transactions. This paper begins by defining blockchain and outlining its basic principles, providing the foundational understanding necessary to grasp its broader applications. It then explores the role of blockchain in optimizing supply chains by enhancing traceability and reducing fraud. The third section discusses how blockchain is reshaping international financial transactions through secure and decentralized mechanisms. This is followed by an overview of blockchain's connection to cryptocurrencies, which play an increasingly significant role in cross-border payments. The paper then analyzes the broader impact of blockchain on international trade, focusing on how it streamlines processes and reduces transaction costs. A section is also dedicated to examining the effects of blockchain on retail and e-commerce, where it is revolutionizing online business practices. Despite its advantages, blockchain adoption faces several challenges, including legal, technical, and regulatory obstacles. The final section outlines the key steps for developing a successful blockchain project, emphasizing strategic planning and technological readiness. Through this comprehensive approach, the paper aims to provide master's students with a clear understanding of how blockchain is reshaping the global trade landscape.
- Teacher: DEHKAL Asmaa